HYDRATES

Odd Ivar Levik


As always for information on the web, the reader needs be careful and read any web documents with a conscious and critical mind. I will, however, try to be selective when adding new links and hope you find this site worth visiting again. Note that it is not always obvious under which heading a link should be listed.

Should you know about informative hydrate sites that are not linked below I appreciate if you e-mail me at gashydrates(a)hotmail.com. If you are part of the hydrate community and want a link to your home page, please let me know.

If you want to search the web for more information you may find it useful to start at this collection of search engines or at another collection of search engines.

Please enjoy.


Universities etc.

Colorado School of Mines
Delft University of Technology
Heriot-Watt University
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Saint Etienne School of Mines
Stanford University
Technical University of Denmark
University of Bergen
University of Calgary .
University of Göttingen .
University of Pittsburgh
University of Southern California
University of Tromsø
University of Victoria
University of Warwick


Research Institutes

French Petroleum Institute
Gas Technology Institute
Geological Survey of Canada
Geological Survey of Japan
Geomar
Naval Research Laboratory
Pacific Geoscience Centre
International Research Institute of Stavanger
SINTEF
Southwest Research Institute
U.S. Geological Survey


Companies

Austherm
Calsep
Infochem Computer Services
Scandpower
Westport


Conferences

International Conference on Gas Hydrates

ICGH IV, 4th International Conference on Gas Hydrates, Yokohama, May 19-23, 2002

International Methane Hydrates Research and Development Workshops


Bibliographies and Paper Collections

NGH at NTNU collection of papers
Norwegian Oil Directorate's bibliography database


Persons

Andreassen, Karin
Bergflødt, Linn
Bishnoi, P. Raj
Bünz, Stefan
Clarke, Matthew
Cooper, Alan K.
Edwards, R.N.
Englezos, Peter
Finjord, Jan
Gudmundsson, Jon-Steinar
Hart, Patrick
Helgerud, Michael B.
Herri, Jean-Michel
van den Heuvel, Miranda Mooijer
Holder, Gerald D.
Hyndman, Roy D.
Kvenvolden, Keith A.
Kvamme, Bjørn
Laberg, Jan Sverre
Levik, Odd Ivar
Lorenson, Thomas D.
Mienert, Jürgen
Milkov, Alexei
Naganawa, Shigemi
Paytan, Adina
Peters, Cor J.
Riedel, Michael
Rodger, Mark
Sloan Jr., E. Dendy
Yakushev, Vladimir


Thermodynamics, Thermophysical Properties, Equilibria etc.

Kalorimetriske målinger på naturgasshydrater
Retrograde Hydrate Phenomena at Low Pressures


Kinetics

Hydrate Formation Rate in a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor
Kinetics of Gas Hydrate Formation and Decomposition


Molecular Dynamics Computer Simulations etc.

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of N2 Clathrate Hydrates


Storage and Transportation of Natural Gas Hydrate

Hydrate Concept for Capturing Associated Gas
NGH on FPSO - Slurry Process and Cost Estimate
Pressemelding 17. juni 1999, Natural Gas Hydrate AS
Stranded Gas to Hydrate for Storage and Transport


Flow Assurance


Carbon Dioxide Hydrate


Fractionation


Safety and Hazards

Methane hydrates
Methane Hydrates: Energy Prospect or Natural Hazard?


Geology and Geophysics

Gas Hydrates - a Possible Future Energy Resource?
Gas hydrate studies on the west coast of Vancouver Island
Les hydrates de gaz
Mallik 2002 international research initiative
Methane in coastal sea water, sea ice, and bottom sediments, Beaufort Sea, Alaska
A Global Inventory of Natural Gas Hydrate Occurrence


Hydrates in Space

Ices on the Galilean Satellites


Miscellaneous (more useful than it may sound)

An Introduction to Gas Hydrates
National Methane Hydrate Program
Quarterdect Online, vol 5, no. 3, December 1997
What do miscible flooding, rising bubbles and global warming have in common?


Dr. Theses on Hydrates

Copyright O.I. Levik 2002

Aaldijk, L.: Monovariant Gas Hydrate Equilibrium in the System Xenon-Water (in Dutch), Technical University of Delft, 1971.

Adisasmito, S.: Hydrates of Carbon Dioxide and Light Hydrocarbon Mixtures (Natural Gas), Colorado School of Mines, 1992.

Albayrak, C.: NMR-Relaxation in Clathrat-Hydraten, Aachen Technical University, 1985.

Andersson, V.: Flow Properties of Natural Gas Hydrate Slurries - An Experimental Study, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 1999.

Andreassen, K.: Seismic Reflections Associated with Submarine Gas Hydrates, University of Tromsø, 1995.

Asher, G.B.: Development of a Computerized Thermal Conductivity Measurement System Utilizing the Transient Needle Probe Technique - an Application to Hydrates in Porous Media, Colorado School of Mines, 1987.

Austvik, T.: Hydrate Formation and Behaviour in Pipes, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 1992.

Avlonitis, D.A.: Thermodynamics of Gas Hydrate Equilibria, Heriot-Watt University (Edinburgh), 1992.

Borowski, W.S.: Pore-Water Sulfate Gradients, Isotopic Compositions, and Diagenetic Processes Overlaying Continental Margin, Methane-Rich Sediments Associated with Gas Hydrates, University of North Carolina, 1998.

Bylov, M.: An Experimental Study of the Nucleation and Growth of Gas Hydrates, Technical University of Denmark (Lyngby), 1997.

Carroll, J.J.: Phase Behaviour in the System Water - Hydrogen Sulphide, University of Alberta, 1990.

Chazallon, B.: Nitrogen-, Oxygen- and Air-clathrate Hydrates Studied by Neutron Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy", University of Göttingen/Lyon, 1999.

Cingotti, B.: A Study of the Mechanism of a Family of Copolymer Kinetic Inhibitors Modifying the Crystallization of Methane Hydrate, Saint Etienne School of Mines, 1999.

Clarke, M.A.: Determination of the Intrinsic Kinetics of Gas Hydrate Decomposition by Particle-Size Analysis, University of Calgary, 2000.

Craig, R.D.: Four-phase Equilibria in the Gas Hydrate System Carbon Dioxide, Propane, Water, Wayne State University, 1972.

Dharmawardhana, P.B.: The Measurement of the Thermodynamic Parameters of the Hydrate Structure and the Application of them in the Prediction of the Properties of Natural Gas Hydrates, Colorado School of Mines, 1980.

Dorstewitz, F., University of Hanover, 1994.

Ecker, C.: Seismic Characterization of Methane Hydrate Structures, Stanford University, 1998.

Englezos, P.: Gas Hydrate Equilibria, University of Calgary, 1990.

Falabella, B.J.: A Study of Natural Gas Hydrates, University of Massachusetts, 1975.

Fleyfel, F.A.: Spectroscopic Investigation of Simple, Mixed and Double Clathrate Hydrates: Probe of Defect Activity, Oklahoma State University, 1990.

Gaillard, C.: Formation Kinetics of Methane Hydrate in a Laboratory Flow Loop (in French), National Polytechnical Institute of Toulouse, 1996.

el Hafaia, T.: Experimental Study and Kinetics Modeling of the Formation of Ethane and Propane Hydrates (in French), National Polytechnical Institute of Toulouse, 1999.

Hayakawa, N., Hokkaido University, 1986.

Herri, J.M.: Study of the Methane Hydrate Formation Using In-situ Turbidity Measurements, Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris), 1996.

Holder, G.D.: Multi-phase Equilibria in Methane-Ethane-Propane-Water Hydrate Forming Systems, University of Michigan, 1976.

Hwang, M.J.: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Gas Hydrates, University of Pittsburgh, 1989.

Jakobsen, T.: Clathrate Hydrates Studied by Means of Time-domain Dielectric Spectroscopy, University of Bergen, 1996.

Jamaluddin, A.K.M.: Applications of Methane Hydrate Formation and Decomposition, University of Calgary, 1990.

John, V.T.: Improved Prediction of Gas Hydrate Equilibria, University of Pittsburgh, 1982.

Jussaume, L.: Study of Kinetic Inhibitors of Gas Hydrates: Experimental Methods and Numerical Modelling (in French), National Polytechnical Institute of Toulouse, 1999.

Kamath, V.A.: Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics During Dissociation of Gas Hydrates in Porous Media, University of Pittsburgh, 1984.

Khokhar, A.A.: Storage Properties of Natural Gas Hydrates, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 1998.

Kim, H.C.: A Kinetic Study of Methane Hydrate Decomposition, University of Calgary, 1985.

Kobayashi, R.: Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium in Binary Hydrocarbon - Water Systems, University of Michigan, 1951.

Koga, K.: Study of Stability and Dynamics of Clathrate Hydrates and Supercritical Fluids, Kyoto University, 1995.

Landry, J.C.: Far-Infrared Spectroscopy of Carbon Dioxide Hydrate with Applications to the Martian Northern Polar Region, University of Michigan, 1995.

Larsen, R.: Clathrate Hydrate Single Crystals - Growth and Inhibition, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 1997.<

Larson, S.D.: Phase Studies of the Two-component Carbon Dioxide - Water System, Involving the Carbon Dioxide Hydrate, University of Illinois, 1955.

Lederhos, J.P.: The Transferability of Hydrate Kinetic Inhibition Results Between Bench Scale Apparatuses and Pilot Scale Flow Loop, Colorado School of Mines, 1996.

Lekvam, K.: Kinetics of Gas Hydrates, Stavanger College/University of Aalborg, 1995.

Levik, O.I.: Thermophysical and Compositional Properties of Natural Gas Hydrate, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 2000.

Lievois, J.S.: Development of an Automated, High Pressure Heat Flux Calorimeter and its Application to Measure the Heat of Dissociation of Methane Hydrate, Rice University, 1987.

Liu, Y.: Acoustic Properties of Reservoir Fluids, Stanford University, 1998.

Long, J.P.: Gas Hydrate Formation Mechanism and Kinetic Inhibition, Colorado School of mines, 1994.

Long, X.: Minimum Effluent Process for Pulp Mill, Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA, USA), 1998.

Lund, A.: The Influence from Gas-gas Interactions on the Stability of Gas Hydrates, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 1990.

Lysne, D.: An Experimental Study of Hydrate Plug Dissociation by Pressure Reduction, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 1995.

Majeed, A.I.: Prediction of Inhibition of Hydrate Formation Using the PFGC Equation of State, Oklahoma State University, 1983.

Makogon, T.Y.: Experimental and Computer Study of the Effect of Kinetic Inhibitors on Clathrate Hydrates, Colorado School of Mines, 1997.

Malishev, A.G.: Hydrates of Heavy Hydrocarbons, Tiymen Industrial Institute, 1979.

Mehta, A.P.: A Thermodynamic Investigation of Structure H Clathrate Hydrates, Colorado school of Mines, 1996.

Natarajan, V.: Thermodynamics and Nucleation Kinetics of Gas Hydrates, University of Calgary, 1993.

Nerheim, A.R.: Investigation of Gas Hydrate Formation Kinetics by Laser Light Scattering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Trondheim), 1992.

Neurauter, T.W.: Mud Mounds on the Continental Slope, Northwestern Gulf of Mexico and their Relation to Hydrates and Seafloor Instability, Texas A&M University, 1988.

Nguyen, H.T.: Clathrate Hydrate Formation and Protein Solubilization in Reversed Micelles, Tulane University, 1991.

Nixdorf, J., University of Karlsruhe, 1996.

Nzihou, A.: Crystalization Kinetics of Cyclopropane Hydrate: Experimental Methods and Growth Modeling (in French), National Polytechnical Institute of Toulouse, 1994.

Ohmura, R.: Morphology and Mechanical Characteristics of Hydrate Layers Formed at Fluid-Phase Boundaries, Keio University (Yokohama), 2000.

Pic, J.S.: A Study of the Mechanism of a Kinetic Inhibitor for Crystallization of Methane Hydrate (in French), St-Etienne School of Mines, 2000.

Polidori, M.C.: Methane Hydrate Formation, Experimental Study and Kinetic Modeling (in French), Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris), 1991.

Pratt, R.M.: Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Clathrate Hydrates, hydrophobic interactions, and Fractal Modelling of Clathrate Hydrate Systems, Colorado School of Mines, 1994.

Richardson Jr., H.H.: Spectroscopic Determination of Gas-Water Interactions in Clathrate Hydrates, Oklahoma State University, 1985.

Rueff, R.M.: The Heat Capacity and Heat of Dissociation of Methane Hydrates - a New Approach, Colorado School of Mines, 1985.

Sanggono, A.: Hydrates of Carbon Dioxide and Light Hydrocarbon Mixtures, Colorado School of Mines, 1991.

Skovborg, P.: Gas Hydrate Kinetics, Technical University of Denmark (Lyngby), 1993.

Thieu, V.Q.: Novel Apparatus and Technique for the determination of Clathrate Hydrate Phase Equilibria, University of Florida, 1997.

Tohidi, B.: Gas Hydrate Equilibria in the Presence of Electroyte Soutions, Heriot-Watt University (Edinburgh), 1995.

Tsai, A.G.: Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage in Salt Hydrates and Clathrate Hydrates, University of California, San Diego, 1986.

Tzirita, A.: A Study of Electrical and Thermal Properties and their Use to Detect Natural Gas Hydrates in Ocean Sediments, Texas A&M University, 1992.

Venkaterajan, N., University of Calgary, 1993.

Verma, V.K.: Gas Hydrates from Liquid Hydrocarbon-Water Systems, University of Michigan, 1974.

Wadsley, M.: Inorganic Substances in Supercritical Fluids, Monash University, Melbourne, 1996.

Yuan, T.: Seismic Studies of the Northern Cascadia Accretionary Prism: Sediment Consolidation and Gas Hydrates, University of Victoria, 1996.

Zachary, R.K.: Light Scattering Studies of Clathrate Hydrate Forming Systems (Tetrahydrofuran), University of Florida, 1998.

Zele, S.R.: Molecular Dynamics and Thermodynamic Modelling of Gas Hydrates, University of Pittspurgh, 1994.



Having made it all way down here it may be time to relax a little and have a look on the lighter side of hydrates.

Professor Gudmundsson's hydrate group at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology works with hydrates as a media for transport of natural gas. It seems this technology is especially suitable for small-scale transport.

And here is a hydrate poem.



Updated September 2007.